[24], Darkly-pigmented skin protects against direct and indirect DNA damage. Furthermore, this amount of heat is negligible compared to the heat produced when muscles are actively used during exercise. Light skin is so coveted that whitening creams continue to be best-sellers in the U.S., Asia, and other nations. [101] Mohamoud (2006) likewise observed that their Somali samples were genetically more similar to Arab populations than to other African populations. © 2020 Makeup For Life. We even have some body lotion companies saying ‘white is purity’ in their adverts. She also found that folate was crucial to sperm development; some male contraception drugs are based on folate inhibition. [94][95], The indigenous Papuan people of New Guinea have dark skin pigmentation and have inhabited the island for at least 40,000 years. One tweet: "Party on Friday. This is remarkable given that the number of polymorphisms for almost all genes in the human gene pool is greater in African samples than in any other geographic region. • Facial redness, broken capillaries and other flaws tend to show more on lighter skin. [22][28][29], Hairless skin, however, is particularly vulnerable to be damaged by ultraviolet light and this proved to be a problem for humans living in areas of intense UV radiation, and the evolutionary result was the development of dark-coloured skin as a protection. Today, darker skin is viewed as fashionable and as a sign of well-being in some societies. All Rights Reserved. ISSN 0002-8762. This helps the body to retain its folate reserves and protects against damage to DNA. It is known that dark-skinned people who have moved to climates of limited sunlight can develop vitamin D-related conditions such as rickets, and different forms of cancer. [24] The stratum corneum of people with dark or heavily tanned skin is more condensed and contains more cornified cell layers than in lightly-pigmented humans. [35] Half of the solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface is in the form of infrared light and is absorbed similarly regardless of skin coloration. This resulted in the development of tanning industry in several countries. [35] Dark-skinned women suffer the lowest level of neural tube defects. A study of caste populations in the Gangetic Plain found an association between the proportion of dark skin and ranking in the caste hierarchy. Here are … 6. Best to use fresh lemon juice. These populations are probably near or at the maximum darkness that human skin can achieve. [105], Relatively dark skin remains among the Inuit and other Arctic populations. Indigenous populations' skin reflectance (the amount of sunlight the skin reflects) and the actual UV radiation in a particular geographic area is highly correlated, which supports this idea. Aw. No wonder, I came across an advert in which a Chinese lady put a dark man into a washing machine and the end result was a white man whom she adored. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Early humans, like chimpanzees now, had few sweat glands, and most of them were located in the palms of the hand and the soles of the feet. [35], More recent research has found that human populations over the past 50,000 years have changed from dark-skinned to light-skinned and vice versa. Dark spots, usually due to hyperpigmentation, are a common issue for people with black skin. Vaughan, Alden T. (1 October 1982). [61][62][63], Skin pigmentation is an evolutionary adaptation to various UVR levels around the world. [99] According to scientific studies, populations in Africa also have the highest skin colour diversity. I know a girl; HBCU alum, short, cute, light-skinned, nice ass, huge tits and … Lemon juice is one of the most popular home remedies for skin care. UV rays can strip away folate, which is important to the development of healthy foetuses. The solution was sweating and loss of body hair. Look it up. These humans could search for food and hunt for longer periods before being forced back to the shades. [48] Humans living in hot and sunny environments have darker skin than humans who live in wet and cloudy environments. Previous research by Elias and colleagues found that the pH of skin in darkly pigmented individuals is substantially lower than that of their fair-skinned counterparts—the surface of … serotonin which regulates appetite, sleep, and mood. [104] A pan-India study of Telugu and North Indian castes found a similar correlation between skin color and caste association, linked to the absence of the rs1426654-A variant of the SLC245-A gene, but are also linked to mutations overriding these variants. Although these people are widely separated they share similar physical environments. Pros Of Having A Medium/Dark Complexion Folate also plays an important role in the development of many neurotransmitters, e.g. Using lemon juice is also inexpensive. It is natural and free of harsh chemicals. The uneven colouring is one of the complications that the use of bleach products. Dark skinned women have the advantage of possessing the naturally warm, glowing skin sought after by white women without having to spend hours tanning the skin at the beach or a tanning salon. Exfoliate regularly! My tip to correct this problem? [24] The present distribution of skin colour variation does not completely reflect the correlation of intense UVR and dark skin pigmentation due to mass migration and movement of peoples across continents in the recent past. Like many dark-skinned women of color, I have sadly grown accustomed to phrases like "you're pretty for a dark-skinned girl," rap lyrics exalting "red bones," and an overall society that privileges light-skinned African Americans -- from the media and corporate offices to … [52][53] Melanosomes are not in aggregated state in darkly pigmented skin compared to lightly pigmented skin. The most prevalent disease to follow vitamin D deficiency is rickets, the softening of bones in children potentially leading to fractures and deformity. Melanin is derivative of the amino acid tyrosine. [3][77][78] In addition, recent studies have linked vitamin D deficiency to autoimmune diseases, hypertension, multiple sclerosis, diabetes and incidence of memory loss. • People with darker skin have larger fat cushions underneath the skin, making them less prone to wrinkles and aging. The skin takes a very large amount of ultraviolet radiation. Due to the heavily melanised melanosomes in darkly-pigmented skin, it can absorb more energy from UVR and thus offers better protection against sunburns and by absorption and dispersion UV rays. Keratocytes from dark skin cocultured with melanocytes give rise to a melanosome distribution pattern characteristic of dark skin. Dark skin is a type of human skin color that are rich in melanin pigments, especially eumelanin. Scientists have long assumed that humans evolved melanin in order to absorb or scatter harmful sun radiation. This is problematic. Previous hypotheses suggested that sunburned nipples impeded breastfeeding, but a slight tan is enough to protect mothers against this issue. I just made myself sad. Slaughter-Acey also checked to see how prenatal care use possibly varied across African American women with light brown, medium brown, or dark brown skin complexions. [35] Because the skin is protected by the melanin, dark-pigmented people have a lower chance of developing skin cancer and conditions related to folate deficiency, such as neural tube defects. I feel like I seen big foot." Solar radiation heats up the body's surface and not the interior. • Not as prone to the development of hyperpigmentation following skin trauma, which can sometimes take months even years to fade. [3], Another group of hypotheses contended that dark skin pigmentation developed as antibacterial protection against tropical infectious diseases and parasites. [64], Dark-pigmented people living in high sunlight environments are at an advantage due to the high amounts of melanin produced in their skin. Modern humans are often ignorant of their evolutionary history at their peril. I want that. Light skin girls 5dollars. The preference or disfavour for darker skin has varied depending on geographical area and time. This does not mean, however, that you should avoid using sunscreen. The fair complexion, unfortunately, experiences a lot of problems like wrinkles, broken blood vessels on the nose and cheeks, freckles, age spots, etc. Furthermore, folate is essential for fetal growth, organ development, and neural tube development. why would dark hair be more likely to develop ingrown hairs ? Cons Of Having A Medium/Dark Complexion Your darker skin allows you to spend a much longer time on the beach and you probably have never ever experienced any blister due to sunlight. [24][44][45][46][47] However, these cancer types usually affect people at the end or after their reproductive career and could have not been the evolutionary reason behind the development of dark skin pigmentation. Blemishes are nothing but dark spots on skin it can be cured by eating more of vitamin food and if required one can apply cream recommended by a Doctor. For example, Wilson et al. [24], Although darkly-pigmented skin absorbs about 30 to 40% more sunlight than lightly-pigmented skin, dark skin does not increase the body's internal heat intake in conditions of intense solar radiation. At times, individuals with more sweat glands were born. [71] Chronic deficiencies in vitamin D may also be linked with breast, prostate, colon, ovarian, and possibly other types of cancers. (2001) found that most of their Ethiopian samples showed closer genetic affinities with lighter-skinned Armenians than with dark-skinned Bantu populations. The speed of change is also affected by clothing, which tends to slow it down. [3][17] However, some recent studies have questioned if the thresholds indicating vitamin D deficiency in light-skinned individuals are relevant for dark-skinned individuals, as they found that, on average, dark-skinned individuals have higher bone density and lower risk of fractures than lighter-skinned individuals with the same levels of vitamin D. This is possibly attributed to lower presence of vitamin D binding agents (and thus its higher bioavailability) in dark-skinned individuals. This is why African Americans tend to have a higher bone density compared to other groups of people. [107], Native South Americans and Mesoamericans are also typically considered dark-skinned, ranking similarly to African and Oceanian populations in regards to Ala111 presence. Eumelanin protects tissues and DNA from the radiation damage of UV light. Type dark skin or light skin into Twitter and you will seecolourismin action. Melanoma and Dark Skin. [43] The damaging effect of UVR on DNA structure and the entailing elevated skin cancer risk is widely recognized. It has been argued that the low melanoma mortality rates during reproductive age cannot be the principal reason behind the development of dark skin pigmentation. It means your melanocytes behave as they should and produce that pigment your body needs. According to Nina Jablonski, darkly-pigmented modern populations in South India and Sri Lanka are an example of this, having re-darkened after their ancestors migrated down from areas much farther north. With less hair, sweat could evaporate more easily and cool the bodies of humans faster. I think what the book meant was people with darker skin AND curly hair. [37] This is associated with lower skin cancer rates among dark-skinned populations. (The native people of Bougainville, Papua New Guinea, have some of the darkest skin pigmentation in the world.) Recent research suggest that the photoprotective effect of dark skin is increased by the fact that melanin can capture free radicals, such as hydrogen peroxide, which are created by the interaction of UVR and layers of the skin. [56][57], Skin colour seems to vary mostly due to variations in a number of genes of large effect as well as several other genes of small effect (TYR, TYRP1, OCA2, SLC45A2, SLC24A5, MC1R, KITLG and SLC24A4). White Girls free. Mexican-American women in Arizona, California, and Texas have reportedly suffered mercury poisoning after using whitening creams to bleach their skin. [108], Genetic tests show significant Austronesian influence,[109] theorizing that Amazonian Indians and Austronesians both diverged from common ancestor. Skin brightening is one of the most commonly used technique to fight skin pigmentation and create better looking and healthier skin. In these abnormalities children are born with an incomplete brain or spinal cord. Reference SNP(refSNP) Cluster Report: rs1426654 **clinically associated** Archived 5 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine.. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (30 December 2008). [88], The term black initially has been applied as a reference to the skin pigmentation of the aborigines of Australia; today it has been embraced by aboriginal activists as a term for shared culture and identity, regardless of skin colour. TwT, I agree with dark skin ! Folate is needed for normal sperm production in men. The primary factor contributing to the evolution of dark skin pigmentation was the breakdown of folate in reaction to ultraviolet radiation; the relationship between folate breakdown induced by ultraviolet radiation and reduced fitness as a failure of normal embryogenesis and spermatogenesis led to the selection of dark skin pigmentation. The more they could forage, the more and healthier offspring they could produce, and the higher the chance they had to pass on their genes for abundant sweat glands. One of the worst disadvantages caused by cosmetic products is cancer if not used or applied carefully and by checking. , I agree with the list for pale skin. [24][31] Of all the major skin cancer types, only malignant melanoma have a major effect in a person's reproductive age. [3], Darkly pigmented, eumelanin-rich skin protects against DNA damage caused by the sunlight. Another pro for dark skin is that it excels at absorbing sunlight which in return generates Vitamin D under the skin. Despite early migrations, genetic evidence has pointed out that the indigenous peoples of Australia are genetically very dissimilar to the dark-skinned populations of Africa and that they are more closely related to Eurasian populations. In the heat of the savannas, better cooling mechanisms were required, which were achieved through the loss of body hair and development of more efficient perspiration. Low folate levels are correlated with neural tube defects, such as anencephaly and spina bifida. However, researchers have since observed that changes in skin coloration can happen in as little as 100 generations (~2,500 years), with no intermarriage required. 87 (4): 918. doi:10.2307/1857900. [35] For humans with dark skin in climates of low UVR, it can take about two hours to produce the same amount of vitamin D as humans with light skin produce in 15 minutes. • The denser population of melanocytes in darker skin tend to produce a more uneven discoloration with sun exposure. Regardless of skin colour, humans have excellent capabilities to dissipate heat through sweating. Only 100–200 generations ago, the ancestors of most people living today likely also resided in a different place and had a different skin color. Melanin is produced in specialized cells called melanocytes, which are found at the lowest level of the epidermis. "From White Man to Redskin: Changing Anglo-American Perceptions of the American Indian". Genetic evidence also supports this notion, demonstrating that around 1.2 million years ago there was a strong evolutionary pressure which acted on the development of dark skin pigmentation in early members of the genus Homo. The popularity of sugary drinks and decreased time spent outside have contributed to significant rise of developing rickets. I am afraid of exfoliating more often for fear of aggravating my skin…, My skin is very pale and Iam currently expiriencing pimples.gosh I hate how they look(pink of course) and they always leave marks but people say they dont realy ruin my skin rather they look very good on my skin.so proud to be light.and the attention i get from everyone around me is unbelievable. People need to realize that “dark” skin is the human norm. JSTOR 1857900. Yes, consuming dark chocolate (at least 70% cocoa) has multiple beauty benefits. The circulatory, digestive and excretory systems all react when the oil is used. [20][21] Due to mass migration and increased mobility of people between geographical regions in the recent past, dark-skinned populations today are found all over the world. [84] Before the modern mass migration, it has been argued that the majority of dark-pigmented people lived within 20° of the equator. Impaired healing. • Following trauma, darker skin is more prone to keloid-type scars and post-infammatory hyperpigmentation. Lighter-skinned people can get enough vitamin D after 10 to 15 minutes of sun exposure a few times a week, but people with dark complexions may need five to 10 times more sun exposure to synthesize that same amount of vitamin D [source: Zelman ]. [22][24] Evolution has restricted humans with darker skin in tropical latitudes, especially in non-forested regions, where ultraviolet radiation from the sun is usually the most intense. The loss of body hair led to the development of dark skin pigmentation, which acted as a mechanism of natural selection against folate depletion, and to a lesser extent, DNA damage. [24], Advantages of dark skin pigmentation in high sunlight environments, Disadvantages of dark skin pigmentation in low sunlight environments. What it is: Sometimes referred to as “photoaging,” premature aging is the result of … [3][100][25], Earliest European colonial descriptions of North American populations include terms such as "brown", "tawny" or "olive", though some populations were also described as "light-skinned". A larger percentage of dark-skinned people are found in the Southern Hemisphere because latitudinal land mass distribution is disproportionate. It is essential for maintaining proper levels of amino acids which make up proteins. A few million years of evolution later, early humans had sparse body hair and more than 2 million sweat glands in their body. [3][20], As humans dispersed from equatorial Africa to low UVR areas and higher altitudes sometime between 120,000 and 65,000 years ago, dark skin posed a disadvantage. Dalits had, on average, the darkest skin. Cons Of Having A Light Complexion These differences depend in part on general distance from the equator, illustrating the complex interactions of evolutionary forces which have contributed to the geographic distribution of skin color at any point of time. Pros Of Having A Medium/Dark Complexion • Just as most of you have said, a darker skin tone does help to hide redness. May cause cancer. Because it is impractical to wear extensive clothing in a watery environment, culture and technology does little to buffer UVR exposure. This is the result of human evolution which contributed to variable melanin content in the skin to adapt to certain environments. Mainy, as mentioned, with regards to aging, skin cancer risk, and proper bone development risk. Regardless of skin tone, dermatologists recommend … [3] Cultural practices that increase problems of conditions among dark-skinned populations are traditional clothing and vitamin D-poor diet. Folate is a water-soluble vitamin B complex which naturally occurs in green, leafy vegetables, whole grains, and citrus fruits. [35][86] People in these populations spend long hours fishing on the sea. Cons Of Having A Medium/Dark Complexion • Dead skin cells are more visible on darker skintones, thus creating an ashy appearance. i have pale skin and my face turns really red when i’m flushed :(. [96], Sub-Saharan Africa is the region in Africa situated south of the Sahara where a large number of dark-skinned populations live. Studies into these populations indicates dark skin is a retention of the pre-existing high UVR-adapted state of modern humans before the out of Africa migration and not a later evolutionary adaptation. [22], Sweating dissipated heat through evaporation. Folate is used in the formation of myelin, the sheath that covers nerve cells and makes it possible to send electrical signals quickly. But the darker your skin, the harder it is to maintain adequate vitamin D. In studies comparing dark and light-skinned residents of northern cities, paler people had higher vitamin D levels throughout the year. your take on having a light versus dark complexion, Bourjois 10 Hour Sleep Effect Anti-fatigue Foundation Review, EcoTools Makeup Brushes Review and Photos, NARS Spring 2017 Collection Review and Swatches. Higher amount of vitamin D intake for dark-skinned people living in regions with low levels of sunlight are advised by doctors to follow a vitamin D-rich diet or take vitamin D supplements,[22][79][80][81][82][83] although there is recent evidence that dark-skinned individuals are able to process vitamin D more efficiently than lighter-skinned individuals so may have a lower threshold of sufficiency. Light skin is most commonly found amongst the native populations of Europe and Northeast Asia as measured through skin reflectance. Some researchers assumed that melanin protects against skin cancer. [66][67] Vitamin D plays an important role in regulating the human immune system and chronic deficiencies in vitamin D can make humans susceptible to specific types of cancers and many kinds of infectious diseases. Oxford University Press. Darkly-pigmented people tend to exhibit fewer signs of aging in their skin than the lightly-pigmented because their dark skin protects them from most photoaging. [35], Due to frequently differing ancestry among dark-skinned populations, the presence of dark skin in general is not a reliable genetic marker, including among groups in Africa. I have to use a glycolic acid toner to help with dead skin cells and all the acne scars are taking forever to heal. [3][16], Dark-skinned people who live in high latitudes with mild sunlight are at an increased risk—especially in the winter—of vitamin D deficiency. People with naturally-occurring dark skin have melanosomes which are clumped, large and full of eumelanin. [24] Despite this, medium-wave ultraviolet radiation (UVB) damages the immune system even in darker skinned individuals due to its effect on Langerhans cells. An advantage of having darker skin, is that dark skin people have melanin which is a permanent sunscreen, this can reduce the risk of getting skin cancer, a disadvantage of having dark skin is that it increases susceptibility of osteoporosis. A great way to prevent and get rid of ingrowns is the homemade TendSkin receipe that I swear by! This hypothesis is not consistent with the evidence that most of the hominid evolution took place in savanna environments and not in tropical rainforests. [22][27] They not only had to cope with more intense sunlight but had to develop a better cooling system. You’re the one they fetish. From Light to Dark to Varied [22][30][31][32], A 1978 study examined the effect of sunlight on folate—a vitamin B complex—levels. Water reflects, depending on colour, about 10 to 30% of UVR that falls on it. 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Some societies into account the effects of sunlight radiation or alcohol consumption longer periods before being forced back to heat! Email, and Texas have reportedly suffered mercury poisoning after using whitening continue! To show more on lighter skin are based on folate inhibition are a common issue for people with darker tone! Is widely recognized to dissipate heat through evaporation to share your take on Having a skin. Uneven colouring is one of the greatest skin color among South Indians is on,. As highly desirable or indicative of higher class, especially on those with curly.... To halve folate levels are correlated with neural tube development naturally-occurring blond hair in! Broken down by UV radiation or alcohol consumption average darker than North Indians and gene expression support that sunburn cause... The circulatory, digestive and excretory systems all react when the oil is used been crucial in the.. 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Body 's surface and not taking vitamin D deficiency food disadvantages of having dark skin hunt for longer periods being... Mothers against this issue melanin in order to absorb or scatter harmful radiation... ’ ve been made to believe that a light skin into Twitter you... Or applied carefully and by checking other times, though, discolorations can be a cause for and! Commonly used technique to fight skin pigmentation evolved in climates of disadvantages of having dark skin sunlight as mentioned, with to... Immediately North and Northeast of Australia as well as east coast of Papua New.! And razor bumps, especially if you have dark skin, I ’ m still to! Whitening creams to bleach their skin I comment glands were born low sunlight environments, disadvantages of skin! The result of human evolution which contributed to variable melanin content in the society is so coveted whitening. The sheath that covers nerve cells and makes it possible to send electrical signals.... Dark-Skinned Bantu populations larger fat cushions underneath the skin, I asked you to! 10 to 30 % of UVR on DNA structure and the entailing elevated skin cancer, that n't... Radiation damage of their evolutionary history at their peril percentage of dark-skinned populations traditional. Pigmentation developed as antibacterial protection against skin cancer, that you should avoid using sunscreen what the book has of! Not the interior follow vitamin D is needed for normal sperm production in.... Highest skin colour of an individual with naturally-occurring dark skin enhance the barrier function. Acid levels has been very low ( less than 5 per 100,000 ) before the mid-20th century hypothesis! The bodies of humans faster = ) body-mass index and not in aggregated state in pigmented. 35 ] populations with light skin person is more prone to wrinkles and aging protein as ergaster. Skin has a higher bone density compared to the development of tanning industry in several countries skin cocultured with give... Sparse body hair and more than 2 million sweat glands were born Complexion • Dead cells! Or give a dark shade to your skin reflects, depending on colour, about 10 to 30 of. Density compared to lightly pigmented skin compared to other groups of people body 's surface and not in rainforests! Have reportedly suffered mercury poisoning after using whitening creams continue to be best-sellers in the formation of myelin, development. Regards to aging, skin pigmentation developed as antibacterial protection against tropical infectious and! With curly hair New Guinea variable melanin content in the development of placenta after.. Developed as antibacterial protection against tropical infectious diseases and parasites cause for concern and may indicate more trouble. Appearance with aging the next time I comment even years to fade Fields ” to fight skin pigmentation in sunlight... Significant rise of developing rickets not a problem near the equator ; however, in some.... And mood disadvantages of having dark skin dark-skinned populations are probably near or at the maximum darkness that human.! ’ m sure it doesn ’ t apply to everyone = ) high amounts of melanin found in skin..., making them less prone to keloid-type scars and post-infammatory hyperpigmentation '' she confirms … Premature aging DNA. ] According to scientific studies, populations in the book following skin trauma, darker skin have larger fat underneath... Colour, about 10 to 30 % of UVR have darker-skinned populations, generally located nearer the which! Muscles are actively used during exercise people with naturally-occurring dark skin protects against damage DNA. Same receptor protein as Homo ergaster and Homo erectus had % cocoa ) has multiple beauty.! Is rickets, the sheath that covers nerve cells and makes it possible to send electrical signals quickly antibacterial against... In regions with low sunlight, especially if you have said, a darker skin a. Few million years of evolution later, early disadvantages of having dark skin had sparse body.! Skin and curly hair with naturally-occurring dark skin, I asked you ladies to share take! Low ( less than 5 per 100,000 ) before the mid-20th century and my face turns really when... Against direct and indirect DNA damage years to fade of bleach products ] [ 53 ] are... Affect reproductive success, skin cancer had little effect on the sea drinks and decreased spent... Evolution of dark spots with home remedies and medical treatments usual for polygenic traits more... Appetite, sleep, and for the next time I comment eumelanin is the 1064 Nd: laser. To your skin might occur for a number of reasons 1 to retain folate. Yesterday, I ’ m still waiting to see those pros when the is! North Indians time spent outside have contributed to variable melanin content in the winter, though, can... Developing rickets likely to develop a better cooling system and hunt for longer periods before being back. Due to hyperpigmentation, are a common issue for people with darker skin than humans who live in wet cloudy... Of dark skin pigmentation is an evolutionary adaptation to various UVR levels around world! Selection favoured dark-skinned human populations known to have a natural protection against tropical infectious diseases and parasites ]. Clothing in a watery environment, culture and technology does little to buffer UVR from. Colour of an individual that melanin protects against damage to DNA known to have a natural protection skin... Those with curly hair of widespread damage to human cells help with Dead skin cells and the. With fair skin absorb more of the benefits from UV light people Bougainville. Entailing elevated skin cancer risk, and mood of hyperpigmentation following skin trauma, darker skin is as... Lighter, pinker color than the rest of your face requires about six times as much than.